The new decision of the UN International Court of Justice only partially satisfied Ukraine's claim. Most of the charges against Russia were dismissed. But experts do not agree that Ukraine lost.
The International Court of Justice of the United Nations is considering several complaints of Ukraine against Russia related to aggression – in particular, that Russia used the fictional "genocide in Donbas" to justify a full-scale invasion.
On January 31, 2024, the court issued a decision on this case: on January 16, 2017, Ukraine filed a lawsuit against Russia for violating the Convention on the Prohibition of the Financing of Terrorism and the Convention on the Prohibition of Racial Discrimination. The charges related to episodes of 2015-2017. The Russian Federation denied everything.
According to each of the conventions, a violation by Russia was established. Therefore, for the first time in history, the International Court of Justice of the United Nations recognized the Russian Federation as a violator of international law.
However, the court only partially satisfied Ukraine's claim and dismissed most of the charges against Russia. The UN decided that the Russian Federation had no reasonable grounds to suspect that the funds provided by it are being used or may be used for the purpose of financing terrorism.
By a majority of votes, the International Court of Justice rejected all other submissions submitted by Ukraine regarding the International Convention on Combating the Financing of Terrorism.
Announcing the decision, the head of the UN International Court of Justice, Donohoe, emphasized that the situation in Ukraine "today is very different" from what it was when Ukraine submitted its application in January 2017.
Regarding Russia's alleged violation of the International Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, the Court found that Russia failed to protect the rights of ethnic Ukrainians in Crimea, where the number of students studying Ukrainian has dropped sharply.
By ten votes to five, the UN International Court of Justice rejected all other submissions of Ukraine regarding the International Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
In addition, the judges refused to make a specific decision regarding Russia's alleged responsibility for the downing of the MH17 flight over the Donetsk region. Also, the court did not satisfy Ukraine's demand for compensation from the Russian Federation.
"ะฃ ัะฒะพัะผั ัััะตะฝะฝั ััะด ะฒัะฐั
ัะฒะฐะฒ ะปะธัะต ัะต, ัะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฟะพะทะฐ ััะผะฝัะฒะพะผ. ะขะพะผั ะฃะบัะฐัะฝั ัะปัะด ะฒะธะทะฝะฐัะธ, ัะพ ะฝะตะพะฑั
ัะดะฝะพ ัะตัะตะปัะฝััะต ะณะพััะฒะฐัะธ ะฒัั ะผะพะถะปะธะฒั ะดะพะบะฐะทะธ, ะฐะฑะธ ะดะพะฒะตััะธ ะฒะธะฝั ะ ะพััั. ะะพะปะพััะฒะฐะฝะฝั ะฟัะพะดะตะผะพะฝััััะฒะฐะปะพ, ัะพ ะฝะต ะฒัะต, ัะพ ะฝะฐะผ ะทะดะฐััััั ะพัะตะฒะธะดะฝะธะผ ัะฐ ะพะฑาััะฝัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะผ, ัะฟัะธะนะผะฐััััั ะดะปั ัะฝะพะทะตะผััะฒ ะพะดะฝะพะทะฝะฐัะฝะพ. ะ ะพัััะฝะธ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดััั ะผะฐัััะฐะฑะฝั ัะพะฑะพัั, ัะพะฑ ัะฟัะพััะพะฒัะฒะฐัะธ ะทะฒะธะฝัะฒะฐัะตะฝะฝั. ะ ะฝะฐะผ ะฟะพัััะฑะฝะพ ะดะพ ััะพะณะพ ะณะพััะฒะฐัะธัั",โ ะฟัะดะบัะตัะปัั ะฒะธะบะพะฝะฐะฒัะธะน ะดะธัะตะบัะพั ะฃะะกะะ ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดั ะะฐะฒะปััะตะฝะบะพ ะฒ ะบะพะผะตะฝัะฐัั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัั ะกะฟัะปะบะธ.
Human rights activists call the decision of the UN International Court of Justice a small victory. The decision of the UN International Court of Justice is legal, but it will have political consequences.
Lana Zerkal, a Ukrainian diplomat and adviser to the Minister of Energy of Ukraine, comments on the decision of the UN court to the Glavcomma:
"ะกัะด ะพะฑะผะตะถะธะฒัั ะผัะฝัะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะผะพะถะปะธะฒะธะผ ะดะปั ัะตะฑะต ัััะตะฝะฝัะผ. ะฆะต ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะบะพะฝัะตัะฒะฐัะธะฒะฝะธะน ะฟัะดั
ัะด. ะฆะต ะฟัะดั
ัะด, ัะบะธะน ััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตัะนะพะทะฝั ะฟะธัะฐะฝะฝั ัะพะดะพ ะฟะพะดะฐะปััะพะณะพ ะทะฐััะพััะฒะฐะฝะฝั ะผัะถะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ั ัััะฐัะฝะธั
ัะผะพะฒะฐั
".
Zerkal criticized the position of the judges, according to which the supply of weapons does not fall under the scope of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Financing of Terrorism.
"ะัะดั-ัะบะฐ ะบัะฐัะฝะฐ ะผะพะถะต ะฒัะดะฟัะฐะฒะธัะธ ะัะบ ัะฐ ะฒะฐะฝัะฐะถัะฒะบั ะท ะบะตัะตะผ ั ััะธะดะธัะฝะพ ัะต ะฝะต ะผะพะถะฝะฐ ะบะฒะฐะปัััะบัะฒะฐัะธ ัะบ ััะฝะฐะฝััะฒะฐะฝะฝั ัะตัะพัะธะทะผั? ะะพ ะฝะตะผะฐั ะบะฒะธัะฐะฝััั ัะฐ ะฑะฐะฝะบัะฒััะบะพะณะพ ัะฐั
ัะฝะบั?", โ ะฟะพััะบะฐะฒะธะปะฐัั ะฒะพะฝะฐ.
In addition, the minister's adviser drew attention to the prosecution of the country, which is a permanent member of the UN Security Council.
"ะกัะฐััั ัะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะฟะพัััะนะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะฝะฐ ะ ะ ะะะ ะฝะฐะดะฐััั ะนะพะผั ะผะพะถะปะธะฒัััั ะฑะตะทะบะฐัะฝะพ ะฟะพััััะฒะฐัะธ ะฒัั ะฝะพัะผะธ ะผัะถะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ, ะผะฐะฝัะฟัะปัะฒะฐัะธ ัะฐะบัะฐะผะธ ัะฐ ัะธะฝััะฝะพ ะฑัะตั
ะฐัะธ ัะฒััะพะฒั, ัะพะทะฟะพะฒััะดะถัััะธ ัะฒะพั ะฑััะดะฝั ะฟัะพะฟะฐะณะฐะฝะดั", โ ะฝะฐะณะพะปะพัะธะปะฐ ะฒะพะฝะฐ.
Refat Chubarov, head of the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar people, is more categorical in his assessments. On February 2, on the air of the telethon Edyni novynyi, he noted that the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar people were disappointed with the decision of the UN International Court of Justice. There they believe that after that, Russia will increase repression against the Crimean Tatars in the occupied Crimea in order to displace the indigenous people from the peninsula.
"ะัั ัะฐะบัะธ, ะฝะฐะฒะตะดะตะฝั ัะบัะฐัะฝััะบะพั ะดะตัะถะฐะฒะพั ัะพะดะพ ะฟะพัััะตะฝะฝั ะฟัะฐะฒ ะบัะธะผััะบะพัะฐัะฐัััะบะพะณะพ ะฝะฐัะพะดั, โ ะฒ ัะพะผั ัะธัะปั, ัะตัะตะท ะทะฐะฑะพัะพะฝั ะดััะปัะฝะพััั ะะตะดะถะปััั ะบัะธะผััะบะพัะฐัะฐัััะบะพะณะพ ะฝะฐัะพะดั, โ ัะพะดะพ ะฟะพัััะตะฝะฝั ะฟัะฐะฒ ะตัะฝััะฝะธั
ัะบัะฐัะฝััะฒ ั ะัะธะผั ััะด ะฒะธะทะฝะฐั, ะฐะปะต ััะด ัะปัะผะฐัะธัั, ัะพ ัั ะฟะพัััะตะฝะฝั ะฟะพะฒ'ัะทะฐะฝั ะท ะฟะพะปััะธัะฝะพั ะดััะปัะฝัััั ัะธั
ะถะต ะบัะธะผััะบะธั
ัะฐัะฐั, ะฐะปะต ะฝะต ะฒะธะบะปะธะบะฐะฝั ัั
ะฝัะพั ะตัะฝััะฝะพั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพั",โ ะบะฐะถะต ะงัะฑะฐัะพะฒ.
The head of the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar people predicted what the decision of the UN court would lead to.
"ะ ะพััั ัะฟัะธะนะผะต ัะต ัะบ ัะฝะดัะปัะณะตะฝััั ะดะปั ะฟะพัะธะปะตะฝะฝั ัะตะฟัะตััะน, ะฟะตัะตัะปัะดัะฒะฐะฝั ะบัะธะผััะบะธั
ัะฐัะฐั, ัััะพะณะพ ะบัะธะผััะบะพัะฐัะฐัััะบะพะณะพ ะฝะฐัะพะดั. ะะพะฝะธ ะฑัะดััั ัะต ัะธะปัะฝััะต ะฒะธัะฐะฒะปัะฒะฐัะธ ะบะพััะฝะฝะธะน ะฝะฐัะพะด ัะท ะฟัะฒะพัััะพะฒะฐ", โ ะบะฐะถะต ะงัะฑะฐัะพะฒ.
Chubarov noted that Russian diplomats have already stepped up: on February 1, Deputy Permanent Representative of Russia to the UN Maria Zabolotska already demanded an apology from Ukraine to the international community for "slandering" Russia.
The chairman of the Mejlis predicts that the Russians will try to use the decision of the UN court on other international platforms. He believes that with this decision they will try to challenge previous resolutions of the UN General Assembly.
Lana Zerkal noted that there are positive points in the decision of the UN International Court of Justice. She called the "main positive" the fact that violations on the part of the Russian Federation were established for each of the conventions, despite the objections of the Russians, and now all case materials will be available to the general public.
Anton Korynevych, Ambassador-at-Large of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine, emphasized that the decision of the International Court of Justice of the United Nations is a victory, because under each of the two conventions a violation by Russia was established.
"ะฃะบัะฐัะฝััะบะฐ ััะพัะพะฝะฐ, ะทะฒะธัะฐะนะฝะพ, ะทะฐัะฒะปัะปะฐ ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝั ะบัะปัะบัััั ะฒะธะผะพะณ. ะะธ ัะต ัะพะฑะธะผะพ ะทะฐะฒะถะดะธ, ัะพะฑัะพ ะทะฐะฒะถะดะธ ะฒะธะผะฐะณะฐัะผะพ ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพั ะฒัะดะฟะพะฒัะดะฐะปัะฝะพััั ะ ะค, ัะพะผั ะฒะธะผะพะณ ะฑัะปะพ ะฑะฐะณะฐัะพ. ะะฒััะฝะพ, ะผะธ ัะพะทัะผััะผะพ, ัะพ ััะด ะพััะฝัะฒะฐะฒ ััั ัะฐะบัะธ, ะดะพะบะฐะทะธ ัะพัะพ. ะะปั ะฝะฐั ะฒะฐะถะปะธะฒะพ, ัะพ ััะด ะฒะธะทะฝะฐะฒ ะฟะพัััะตะฝะฝั ะ ะค ััะพัะพะฒะฝะพ ะพะฑะพั
ะบะพะฝะฒะตะฝััะน. ะฆะต ะดัะถะต ะฒะฐะถะปะธะฒะฐ, ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟะพะฒะฐ ััั, ะฑะพ ะฃะบัะฐัะฝะฐ ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฟะพะทะพะฒ ะฟัะพ ะฝะตะดะพััะธะผะฐะฝะฝั ะดะฒะพั
ะบะพะฝะฒะตะฝััะน, ั ะทะฐ ะพะฑะพะผะฐ ะัะถะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะธะน ััะด ะะะ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธะฒ ะฟะพัััะตะฝะฝั. ะฆะต ะดัะถะต ะฒะฐะถะปะธะฒะธะน ะบัะพะบ ัะฟะตัะตะด, ัะพะผั ัะพ ะดะพัั ะฒ ะฝะฐั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะถะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ััะธะดะธัะฝะพ ะพะฑะพะฒ'ัะทะบะพะฒะพะณะพ ัััะตะฝะฝั ะผัะถะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ััะดะพะฒะพะณะพ ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะฟัะพ ัะต, ัะพ ะ ะค ั ะฟะพัััะฝะธะบะพะผ ะผัะถะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ. ะขะตะฟะตั ั ะฝะฐั ั ะฟะตััะต ัััะตะฝะฝั, ั ะผะธ ะฒะฟะตะฒะฝะตะฝั, ัะพ ะฒะพะฝะพ ััะฐะฝะต ะฝะฐััะถะฝะธะผ ะบะฐะผะตะฝะตะผ ะดะปั ะฟะพะดะฐะปััะพะณะพ ััั
ั ะฒะฟะตัะตะด ะฒ ัะฝัะธั
ัะฟัะฐะฒะฐั
, ะฒ ัะฝัะธั
ััะดะฐั
, ะฒ ัะฝัะธั
ััะธัะดะธะบัััั
, ะฐ ัะฐะบะพะถ ั ััะพะผั ััะดั. ะฃัะต ัะต ะทะฐะบะปะฐะดะฐั ะดัะถะต ะดะพะฑัั ะพัะฝะพะฒั",โ ะฝะฐะฒะพะดะธัั ัะปะพะฒะฐ ะะพัะธะฝะตะฒะธัะฐ ัะฐะนั ะฃะบััะฝัะพัะผ.
He also emphasized that for the first time in history, the UN International Court of Justice recognized the Russian Federation as a violator of international law, not only in political statements and assertions on various political platforms, but also in a legally binding decision of the UN International Court of Justice.
"ะัะบะพะปะธ ะดะพ ััะพะณะพ ะ ะค ะฝะต ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฐ ะฟะพัััะฝะธะบะพะผ ะผัะถะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ัะธะผ ััะดะพะผ", โ ะฟัะดะบัะตัะปะธะฒ ะะพัะธะฝะตะฒะธั. ะัะฝ ัะฐะบะพะถ ะทะฐะทะฝะฐัะธะฒ, ัะพ ั
ะพัะฐ ััะด ะฝะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐัะธะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะตะฝัะฐััั, ัะบ ัะพะณะพ ะฒะธะผะฐะณะฐะปะฐ ะฃะบัะฐัะฝะฐ, "ัะต ะพะทะฝะฐัะฐั, ัะพ ะฟะธัะฐะฝะฝั ะฑัะดััั ะฟะพััััะฒะฐัะธ ะฒ ัะฝัะธั
ัะฟัะฐะฒะฐั
ั ััะพะผั ััะดั, ะฒ ัะฝัะธั
ััะดะฐั
. ะฆะต ะพะทะฝะฐัะฐั, ัะพ ะนะพะณะพ ะพะฟัะฐััะพะฒัััั ั ัะฐะผะบะฐั
ะฟะธัะฐะฝะฝั ะฟัะพ ััะฒะพัะตะฝะฝั ะผัะถะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะผะฟะตะฝัะฐััะนะฝะพะณะพ ะผะตั
ะฐะฝัะทะผั".
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